Lymphoma
The lymphatic system is a network of vessels, tissues, and organs that helps the body fight infection. Lymphoma develops when lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) become abnormal and multiply uncontrollably. The two main types are Hodgkin lymphoma (characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells) and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), which includes many different subtypes. Many lymphomas are highly treatable, especially Hodgkin lymphoma which has a high cure rate.
Common Subtypes
Key Statistics
Global Context
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is 5th most common cancer; Hodgkin has 90%+ cure rate in early stages.
In India
Rising incidence; awareness about night sweats and lumps is crucial.
Symptoms
- Painless swelling of lymph nodes in neck, armpits, or groin
- Persistent fatigue
- Unexplained fever
- Drenching night sweats
- Unexplained weight loss (more than 10% in 6 months)
- Itchy skin without a rash
- Shortness of breath or cough
Risk Factors
- Weakened immune system (HIV/AIDS, organ transplant)
- Certain viral infections (EBV, HTLV-1, Hepatitis C)
- Age (NHL more common in older adults, Hodgkin in young adults)
- Male gender
- Family history of lymphoma
- Autoimmune diseases
Treatment Options
ABVD Chemotherapy
Standard first-line chemotherapy regimen for Hodgkin lymphoma (Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine).
R-CHOP Regimen
Common chemotherapy plus rituximab regimen for B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.
CAR T-cell Therapy
Genetically modifying patient's T-cells to attack lymphoma cells, used for relapsed cases.
Radiation Therapy
Targeted radiation to affected lymph nodes, often used in early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma.
Prevention & Screening
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.