Skin Cancer (Non-Melanoma)
Non-melanoma skin cancers are the most common cancers in humans. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) arises from the lowest layer of the epidermis and is the most common, accounting for about 80% of skin cancers. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) develops in the flat cells near the surface of the skin. While both are usually curable, SCC can spread if left untreated. Early detection and sun protection are key to prevention.
Common Subtypes
Key Statistics
Global Context
Most common cancer overall; BCC alone affects millions annually. 95%+ cure rate when detected early.
In India
Less common than in Caucasian populations but incidence is rising with increased sun exposure.
Symptoms
- A pearly or waxy bump (BCC)
- A flat, flesh-colored or brown scar-like lesion
- A firm, red nodule (SCC)
- A flat lesion with a scaly, crusted surface
- A sore that bleeds, scabs, and doesn't heal
- A new growth or change in an existing mole
Risk Factors
- Cumulative UV exposure over lifetime
- Fair skin, light hair, and light eyes
- History of sunburns
- Living in sunny or high-altitude climates
- Exposure to radiation or certain chemicals (arsenic)
- Weakened immune system
- Previous skin cancer history
Treatment Options
Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Precise layer-by-layer removal of skin cancer with microscopic examination until all cancer is removed. Highest cure rate, tissue-sparing.
Surgical Excision
Cutting out the tumor along with a margin of healthy tissue.
Curettage & Electrodesiccation
Scraping away the cancer with a curette (spoon-shaped instrument) and using electric current to destroy remaining cells.
Cryosurgery
Freezing cancer cells with liquid nitrogen, often used for superficial tumors.
Prevention & Screening
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.